How to add Workspace In Metasploit kali linux

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><i><b>Jai Hind</b></i> I am<i><b> DeadManINDIA</b></i> from<i><b> (IHT) 1ND14N H4X0R5 T34M </b></i><br /><br />We are :- EagleShadow,Null_Port_Govind,Mr.R@66!T,Haxor-Rahul,Spy-Hunter,Grey-Noob,Karate-Katrina.<br /><br />Love to :- My Mom And My Dad.<br /><br />Today we will discuss on the how to add the workspace in metasploit in kali linux .<br /><b>lets go </b><br /><br /><br /><b>Setup 1 :- first of all start the database and metasploit services with the help of these commands.</b><br /><b> 1st :- <span style="font-size: medium;">service postgresql start</span></b><br /><b><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">2nd :- <span style="font-size: medium;">service metasploit start</span></span></span></b><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1cwes4rO4ebTxATv43VkWpDpepzl3AK9aYa8LL6-8tLmxsEdcsoMp7IK51244bzSnMcuAPuRxVzh1xGClTnzrP1zLPy6xc-7sG6sZ85YrfyNLiH9UuL-HX8apEWGhoYwigT5im92hdpr1/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-05-09+01:03:31.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1cwes4rO4ebTxATv43VkWpDpepzl3AK9aYa8LL6-8tLmxsEdcsoMp7IK51244bzSnMcuAPuRxVzh1xGClTnzrP1zLPy6xc-7sG6sZ85YrfyNLiH9UuL-HX8apEWGhoYwigT5im92hdpr1/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-05-09+01:03:31.png" width="320" /></a></div>Setup2 :- Now run the metasoploit with the command .<br /><b>syntax:- msfconsole</b><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4K8FnGWUyCVpOP8uPNtg0Ot08fQUUlhbRS-Jch_puBQl79_zSiiCY5GsnN34YR7qCMqjFAMhMDyBelgLM1m6-5t5O1799umovXuG0oJdq7d-pkrlv1XSZAUMnRvqZ2-1jBGkV_DEYs0yC/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-05-09+01:08:12.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4K8FnGWUyCVpOP8uPNtg0Ot08fQUUlhbRS-Jch_puBQl79_zSiiCY5GsnN34YR7qCMqjFAMhMDyBelgLM1m6-5t5O1799umovXuG0oJdq7d-pkrlv1XSZAUMnRvqZ2-1jBGkV_DEYs0yC/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-05-09+01:08:12.png" width="320" /></a></div>Setup 3 :- Now we are use the this command here to add the workspace in metasploit.<br /><b>syntax:- workspace -a <worksapce name ></b><br /><br /><b>in this - a for add the workspace and <workspace name is the name of work sapce . </b><br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRrqba-BpYvnzVswP-Fi8Fty074kH9CbAWn5FdhnZYUKXem6pJVLftGJ-Lv70HRwa2ZOZ6IQqkIREdeErn42ZzmrIu8WS1Bfvysq5vEqsngiO0bGP4-rURhsSuH3inBKKZ66IzGZ036kVE/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-05-09+01:10:31.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRrqba-BpYvnzVswP-Fi8Fty074kH9CbAWn5FdhnZYUKXem6pJVLftGJ-Lv70HRwa2ZOZ6IQqkIREdeErn42ZzmrIu8WS1Bfvysq5vEqsngiO0bGP4-rURhsSuH3inBKKZ66IzGZ036kVE/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-05-09+01:10:31.png" width="320" /></a></b></div><br /><br /><b><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></span> in my case i add IHT workspace here .</span></b><br /><br /><b><span style="font-size: medium;">Now most important thing we are using the - h option to see the help.</span></b><br /><b><span style="font-size: medium;">like this </span></b><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0oMasRvQANVbPhMzjZuuUHjNfRdEZJ5vhSETl06pjrOtSlo-UPdZ97LXnYdIbAOWqgpuwZELwolXgF7stukUw7mHcDwRUXOyO7vaOWzJEqwIFuhwkwMxkx547D7OD_bCraQtJlN-rQ-rX/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-05-09+01:13:47.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0oMasRvQANVbPhMzjZuuUHjNfRdEZJ5vhSETl06pjrOtSlo-UPdZ97LXnYdIbAOWqgpuwZELwolXgF7stukUw7mHcDwRUXOyO7vaOWzJEqwIFuhwkwMxkx547D7OD_bCraQtJlN-rQ-rX/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-05-09+01:13:47.png" width="320" /></a></div><b><span style="font-size: medium;">#workspace -h  </span></b><br /><br /><br /><b><span style="font-size: medium;">Thanks for reading <br />          Jai Hind Jai Bharat </span></b><br /><b><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span><br /> </b></div></div>

How to add Workspace In Metasploit kali linux

Jai Hind I am DeadManINDIA from (IHT) 1ND14N H4X0R5 T34M We are :- EagleShadow,Null_Port_Govind,Mr.R@66!T,Haxor-Rahul,Spy-Hunter,Grey-No...

Read more »

How to Use BlindElephant Tool in kali linux

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><b>Jai Hind</b> Friends I am <b>DeadManINDIA</b> as u know today i m going to explain how we use the BlindElephan.py tool in kali linux.<br /><i><b><br /></b></i><i><b>Greetz To :- Null_Port_Govind,EagleShadow,Haxor Rahul,Mr.R@66!T,Grey-Noob,Spy-Hunter,Karate-Katrina,IndiWar,X-MAN-INDIA,Satish Choudhary ,Mahi Di.</b></i><br /><b><br /></b><b>Love to ----->>>><span style="color: red;">My Mother And My Father.</span></b><br /><br /><b><span style="color: red;">So lets Start :- </span></b><br /><b><span style="color: red;"> <span style="color: black;">1<span style="color: #cccccc;"> </span></span></span></b><span style="color: #cccccc;">Open Terminal and type <b>BlindElephant.py</b></span> Like this <br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqSVxMnUyxXJmavGMmvk56-73B4SPkY9HgwMTj4Bkljf5RL0EAEnAZM2xI8Pw6leQuWuITfZ4jwRlwhJiJPXEyfiek1dMHUBaOSRWe0TgANWT0sgGtpi2gxxgXRX2wTNCqUfCUI9FMU7oc/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-04-28+23:54:08.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqSVxMnUyxXJmavGMmvk56-73B4SPkY9HgwMTj4Bkljf5RL0EAEnAZM2xI8Pw6leQuWuITfZ4jwRlwhJiJPXEyfiek1dMHUBaOSRWe0TgANWT0sgGtpi2gxxgXRX2wTNCqUfCUI9FMU7oc/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-04-28+23:54:08.png" width="320" /></a></div><b>2  </b>Read The Options carefully and then take next steup.<br /><b>3 </b>Then use this command<br /><b>Syntax:- BlindElephant.py <site url> <type of site ></b><br />In this we are type or paste the url of site on the place of <site url>and<br />type of site like wordpress ,joomla, or other what kind of site you are going to scan.<br />see in my case i use like this<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-HIpivlF1IIJnKcowN02QWMgRRGeCS_MWY9Qn6hv_fXKsUmKsUL_S8jNdER4Utam4_iDXLz6xNGRe3Hw6-Xzfg3HtHoMIvuaqurdYPm-goBSS2iDY6airaVRtkRbi2h13TrpHEDbBeS3o/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-04-29+00:05:30.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-HIpivlF1IIJnKcowN02QWMgRRGeCS_MWY9Qn6hv_fXKsUmKsUL_S8jNdER4Utam4_iDXLz6xNGRe3Hw6-Xzfg3HtHoMIvuaqurdYPm-goBSS2iDY6airaVRtkRbi2h13TrpHEDbBeS3o/s1600/Screenshot+from+2014-04-29+00:05:30.png" width="320" /></a></div>And in the last you find your result.<br /><br />Thanks for reading give your feedback on Facebook Or Skype<br />FB = DeadManINDIA<br />Skype= DeadmanINDIA1<br /><span style="font-size: large;"><i><b>                                               Jai Hind </b></i></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><i><b>                                             Jai Bharat</b></i></span></div>

How to Use BlindElephant Tool in kali linux

Jai Hind Friends I am DeadManINDIA as u know today i m going to explain how we use the BlindElephan.py tool in kali linux. Greetz To :- Nu...

Read more »

5 Superfast Linux Command Line Shortcuts!

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span><br /><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span><br /><tr><td><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="95%"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-small;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Here we bring to you five strong command line shortcuts that can strength your already powerful Linux.</span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></span></td><td valign="top" width="2%"></td><td valign="top" width="23%"></td></tr><tr><td class="font_sml" colspan="3" style="color: #808285; font-family: arial; font-size: 10px;"><div id="aj" style="cursor: pointer;"><div id="aj1" style="cursor: pointer;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="text2"></span></span></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="text2"></span></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td><table><tbody><tr><td valign="top"><a href="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/FrZ8123751PM922013.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><img alt="Linux, open source, Linux tools, Linux command line, Linux command, Command line shortcuts, Linux command line shortcut, Command bash shortcut, Linux bash commands, Linux commands" border="0" height="150" src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/FrZ8123751PM922013.png" width="150" /></span></a><span style="color: black; font-family: verdana; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Those who are deep into Linux know how powerful the command line is and once you get used to it, nothing is as easy as doing stuff from command line. So if you are someone who spends most of their time on command line, here we bring to you some handy short cuts which will not only save your time but will also make your interaction with the Linux command line much more interesting. </span></span></span></td><td valign="top"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><br /></span><span style="color: black; font-family: verdana; font-size: x-small;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">1. Use pipe |</span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /><br />The standard output of a command can be piped to some other command using pipe |.<br /><br />For example:<br /><br /><img src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/rte/my_documents/my_pictures/D19_pipe.jpeg" /><br /><br />In the example above, the output of ls command is piped as input to grep command. Using this input, the grep command finds and displays all the file names that have the string "micro" in them.</span></span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">2. Use * and ?</span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /><br />The wild-card character * is used to match against any number of characters while the character '?' is used to match against a single character. Infact both * and ? can be used together as well<br /><br />For example:<br /><br /><img src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/rte/my_documents/my_pictures/B7Z_astrikandques.jpeg" /></span></span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">3. Run multiple commands together</span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /><br />If you are working on something that requires execution of 2-3 commands repeatedly, then this can be done by either using a script or by using ; on command line.<br /><br />For example:<br /><br /><img src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/rte/my_documents/my_pictures/467_semicolon.jpeg" /><br /><br />In the example above we executed both ls and cat command back to back and the corresponding output was produced.</span></span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">4. Jump to last working directory</span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /><br />There can be times where while working on command line you are required to jump between two separate directories. Using the standard cd command followed by the complete path can be a bit time taking. For these situations you can use the 'cd -' command.<br /><br />For example:<br /><br /><img src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/rte/my_documents/my_pictures/Jump_directory.jpeg" /><br /><br />So as you see first we went inside the desktop folder. Then we moved to Images. And on executing command cd - the working directory was switched back to Deskop. So like this you can use the cd - command to switch between two directories without wasting time.</span></span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">5. Use !! and !</span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /><br />Double and single exclamation marks make interesting short cuts on Linux command line. While double exclamations represent the last command that was run, single exclamations can be used to either display or run any command whose name is mentioned along with the exclamation mark.<br /><br />Here is the example of double exclamations:<br /><br /><img src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/rte/my_documents/my_pictures/EDZ_!!.jpeg" /><br /><br />In the example above, the whoami command was run first. Next, when the !! was run as a command, the last command (whoami) was run again. This confirms that !! represents the last run command. Now, these double exclamations can be used in situations where it is desired to add something to the last run command.<br /><br />For example:<br /><br /><img src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/rte/my_documents/my_pictures/1B2_!!extend.jpeg" /><br /><br />In the example above, the output of the ls command was piped to grep without even writing ls again (we know ls sounds small but you can actually use this with all the long commands)<br /><br />Next, single exclamations are also extremely useful. A single exclamation can be used with a command-name to either show or run the last used command that used the command-name.<br /><br />For example:<br /><br /><img src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/rte/my_documents/my_pictures/ZF6_4F4_!.jpeg" /><br /><br />![command-name]:p displays the last run command that used [command-name]<br />![command-name] actually re-runs the last run command that used [command-name]<br /><br />So that's how !! and ! are of great use when used as Linux command line short cuts. </span></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></div>

5 Superfast Linux Command Line Shortcuts!

Here we bring to you five strong command line shortcuts that can strength your already powerful Linux.   Those who are deep into Linux know ...

Read more »

8 Places To Learn Important Linux Skills Online!

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><table><tbody><tr><td valign="top"><b style="background-color: white; color: #808285;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Planning a career in Linux? Here are 10 online places that can help you update your Linux skill set.</span></b><br /><a href="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/8GkX65340PM11202013.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><img alt="Linux courses,learn linux, Linux skills, Linux training, Linux certifications, Linux, open source, Linux jobs" border="0" height="150" src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/8GkX65340PM11202013.png" width="150" /></span></a><span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></span><br /><span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">While Linux has already become a lucrative career option, the industry gurus think that both money and opportunities in the Linux jobs market will continue to grow. And as more and more companies are now moving toward Linux and open-source, the penetration in one of these jobs will not be difficult if you posses the right skill set. And what's more awesome about all this is that you can learn the skills easily via these 8 respected website offerings. <br /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span></td> <td valign="top"></td> </tr></tbody></table><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span><span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> 1. </span><a href="http://paulpaulito.com/en"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">PaulPaulito.com</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><br />PaulPaulito.com, is around a year old website based in the Netherlands which has already gained a lot of popularity for its whole series of online screencast training videos in English, Spanish, and German. The authorized training partner of the Linux Professional Institute (LPI), courses helps the candidate to prepare for LPI certification exams. The subscription plans begin at 49 euros, or about $67, per month, and can be canceled any time.<br /><br />2. </span><a href="http://cs.lpi.org/caf/Xamman/partner"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">LPI Partners</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><br />Other than PaulPaulito, LPI itself has established partnerships with several other training partners around the world. A regional lookup guide on the LPI site lets you search for training partners near you.<br /><br />3. </span><a href="http://www.redhat.com/promo/training/"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Red Hat</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><br />The famous Linux vendor, Red Hat is yet another place to get training and certifications. The website offers several online certifications aimed toward Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Prices of the certifications starts at $1,400.<br /><br />4. </span><a href="http://beginlinux.com/web/index.php?app=ecom&ns=catshow&ref=onlinecourses&sid=4a9gip0e5e24304171d044dtwe20mgbp"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">BeginLinux.com</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><br />The website offers various self-directed courses meant for online learning. The topics include Ubuntu Server, Apache Security, and CentOS Server etc. Pricing for the certifications starts at $95.95.<br /><br />5. </span><a href="https://training.linuxfoundation.org/courses/search?course=all&location=Online"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The Linux Foundation</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><br />Linux Foundation in the same fashion also offers various online courses. The subjects include embedded Linux, the Linux Kernel, and Open Source Compliance etc. The lectures are given using live audio conference bridge and a live Java-based virtual collaboration tool. The price for the virtual classes is $2,750.<br /><br />6. </span><a href="http://www.ubuntu.com/support/training/course-types"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Canonical</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><br />For those who are specifically looking for Ubuntu based courses can also find online offerings on the official website of Ubuntu in its training section.<br /><br />7. </span><a href="http://www-304.ibm.com/jct03001c/services/learning/ites.wss/us/en?pageType=course_list&subChapter=5068&subChapterInd=C%C2%AEion=us&subChapterName=Linux,+UNIX,+and+Open+Source&country=us&language=en&webLanguage=en&externalPrivate=y&externalPublic=y&mediaId=&deliveryMethod="><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">IBM</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><br />IBM also offers a wide range of Linux training which includes several self-paced online courses. Pricing of the course starts at $675.<br /><br />8. </span><a href="http://ocw.novell.com/"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Novell OpenCourseWare</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><br />Similar to other big names of Linux i.e. Canonical, Red Hat, and IBM, Novell also offers a wide range courses for its Linux products. The training is absolutely free, and does not require any registration. </span></span><br /><br /></div>

8 Places To Learn Important Linux Skills Online!

Planning a career in Linux? Here are 10 online places that can help you update your Linux skill set. While Linux has already become a lucrat...

Read more »

List Of Linux Compatible Software For Every Need

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><br /></span><br /><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td><b style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">It is an attempt to list down varied software to meet all your needs on Linux. From browser to anti-virus, we bring you six categories in this feature.</span></b></td></tr><tr><td><table><tbody><tr><td valign="top"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></span><a href="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/nNkP110557AM5262013.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="Linux, Open source, open source projects, linux projects, 10 things to do on linux, things to do on linux, linux compatible softwares" border="0" height="150" src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/nNkP110557AM5262013.jpg" width="150" /></span></a><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> <span style="color: black;">New to Linux and wondering which software will be compatible with your new platform? Well, we are making an attempt to list down a complete directory of your Linux software needs. In this on-going series we will try and bring to you software from different utility categories! Today we bring Anti-virus, Firewall, Backup, System Maintenance, Browsers and E-mail Clients. Stay tuned to know about applications on Communication, Images, Audio, Video and more!</span></span></td><td valign="top"></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">List Of Linux Compatible Softwares For Every Need (Part-1)<br /><br />Anti-virus Softwares:<br /><br />Avast!: A Linux software offering of the popular Avast antivirus scanner.<a href="http://efytimes.com/e1/%E2%80%9Dhttp://www.avast.com/linux-home-edition%E2%80%9D" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://www.avast.com/linux-home-edition</a><br />Clam AntiVirus: The original open source virus scanner. <a href="http://www.clamav.net/" http:="" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;" www.clamav.net="">http://www.clamav.net/</a><br />AVG: A version of AVG’s Virus Scanner for Linux. <a href="http://free.avg.com/us-en/download.prd-alf" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://free.avg.com/us-en/download.prd-alf</a><br /><br />Firewall Applications:<br /><br />Mondo Rescue: A capable disk recovery toolkit. <a href="http://gufw.tuxfamily.org/" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://gufw.tuxfamily.org/</a><br />Firestarter: A good quality firewall with graphical interface <a href="http://efytimes.com/e1/%E2%80%9Dhttp://www.fs-security.com/%E2%80%9D" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://www.fs-security.com/</a><br /><br />Backup Applications:<br /><br />CrashPlan: An excellent, sophisticated backup program. <a href="http://efytimes.com/e1/%E2%80%9Dhttp://www.crashplan.com/%E2%80%9D" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://www.crashplan.com</a><br />Rsync: A configurable console-based synchronization program that is commonly used in backup situations. <a href="http://rsync.samba.org%20/" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://rsync.samba.org </a><br />Fwbackups: A flexible backup program which can backup to another computer.<a href="http://efytimes.com/e1/%E2%80%9Dhttp://www.diffingo.com/oss/fwbackups%E2%80%9D" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://www.diffingo.com/oss/fwbackups </a><br /><br />System Maintenance:<br /><br />Ubuntu-Tweak: A great control panel to manage many features in Ubuntu.<a href="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gnome-system-monitor/" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://freshmeat.net/projects/gnome-system-monitor/</a><br />System Monitor: Simple and interesting Linux software to view systems stats.<a href="http://efytimes.com/e1/%E2%80%9Dhttp://freshmeat.net/projects/gnome-system-monitor/%E2%80%9D" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://freshmeat.net/projects/gnome-system-monitor/</a><br /><br />Browsers:<br /><br />Google Chrome/Chromium: A great browser from Google based on open source projects.<a href="http://www.google.com/chrome" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://www.google.com/chrome</a><br />Firefox: The world’s most popular open source web browser. <a href="http://www.firefox.com/">http://www.firefox.com/</a><br />reKonq: A refreshed default KDE browser which sports an uncluttered interface.<a href="http://rekonq.kde.org/" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://rekonq.kde.org/</a><br />Opera: The “fastest and most advanced” browser available today. <a href="http://www.opera.com/" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://www.opera.com/</a><br /><br />Email Clients:<br /><br />Thunderbird: Most popular cross-platform open source email client.<a href="http://www.mozillamessaging.com/en-US/thunderbird/" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://www.mozillamessaging.com/en-US/thunderbird/</a><br />Claws Mail: A user-friendly, lightweight, and fast email client. <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://www.claws-mail.org/</a><br />Evolution: A great email and calendar program for GNOME. <a href="http://projects.gnome.org/evolution/" style="color: #008eb0; text-decoration: none;">http://projects.gnome.org/evolution/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

List Of Linux Compatible Software For Every Need

It is an attempt to list down varied software to meet all your needs on Linux. From browser to anti-virus, we bring you six categories in th...

Read more »

25 Best Linux Apps

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background-color: white; color: #808285;"><tbody><tr><td class="td_nofeed" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(143, 0, 0); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 2px; height: 30px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span class="header" style="color: #8f0000; font-weight: bold;">25 Best Linux Apps </span>  </span></td></tr><tr><td><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="95%"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>A shortlist of 25 best Linux apps keeping in mind the audience.</b> </span></td><td valign="top" width="2%"></td><td valign="top" width="23%"></td></tr><tr><td class="font_sml" colspan="3" style="color: #808285; font-family: arial; font-size: 10px;"><div id="aj" style="cursor: pointer;"><div id="aj1" style="cursor: pointer;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td><table><tbody><tr><td valign="top"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">  <span style="color: black;">Linux is undoubtedly the best and the most popular operating system being deployed in devices and systems worldwide. Here are the top 25 best Linux-based apps as voted by the readers.</span></span></td><td valign="top"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="Linux, Apps, 25, TuxRadar, Best, Free, License, Free app, VLC, GIMP, Nagios, GIT, World of Goo. " border="1" height="150" src="http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/linux.jpg" width="150" /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><div align="center"></div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /><br /><span style="color: black;"><b>1. Nagios for Monitoring -</b> This app is for free. Its license status is GPL. The app lies inactive on your computer system monitoring host resources and network services with the aim of notifying the admin in the event a problem arises. You can download the app from www.nagios.org<br /><br /><b>2. GIT for Version control-</b> As cited on techradar.com, this app is for free. Its license status is GPLv2. After becoming the default revision control system for the kernel, the app has gained popularity and become easier than ever owing to sites like Github. You can download the app from www.git-scm.com<br /><br /><b>3. GIMP -</b> This app is for free. Its license status is GPL. The app is well known and comes as a standard on most distributions. There are books that are being written about it and it is quite often offered as the free alternative to Adobe's Photoshop. It has three striking features which include –<br /><i>a)</i> A very robust set of tools, providing support for everything from sub-pixel sampling and custom brushes for painting, right through to advanced manipulation tools such as layers, channels and transformable paths.<br /><i>b)</i> It comes with a versatile plug-in and extension system allowing any task to be automated using a simple script that can be written once and then executed with ease by a majority of users.<br /><i>c)</i> The app has an active community of developers meaning that even where Gimp lacks important features, work is constantly ongoing to extend it and make it the best tool possible. You can download the app from www.gimp.org<br /><br /><b>4. VirtualBox for Virtualisation -</b> This app is for free. Its license status is GPLv2. Owing to its guest additions package, the app is well integrated to the host system and very fast. This makes it quite simple to spin-up a new virtual machine with its GUI along with command line and remote configuration tools. You can download the app from www.virtualbox.org<br /><br /><b>5. World of Goo -</b> This app is priced at $20 and is proprietary. A physics-based construction and puzzle game that's become widely regarded as one of the best indie games of the past decade. It features beautifully drawn, cartoonish graphics that are cheerful, uplifting and timeless. All it involves is dragging Goos together to form a structure, but it's addictive and lots of fun. The app can be downloaded the app from www.2dboy.com/games.php<br /><br /><b>6. Money Dance -</b> This app is priced at $49.99 and is proprietary. The app helps you to stay on top of your finances. The app is very easy and provides a clear overview of upcoming bills, the status of various budgets (which it helps you to create) and informative graphs and reports. You can download the app from www.moneydance.com<br /><br /><b>7. Eclipse IDE –</b> This is a free app. Its license status is Eclipse Public. The app is an excellent, stable IDE. The Content Assist feature of the app that uses auto-complete methods, types and fields, is great for forgetful coders or those working on complex codebases. The app also has automatically enforced coding styles and copy and paste traces making it perfect for team development. You can download the app from www.eclipse.org/eclipse/index.php<br /><br /><b>8. Tomboy – Organiser –</b> This is a free app and its license status is LGPL. This app is a little cool for collecting and organizing notes. It provides support for basic formatting and has automatic saving. The app makes managing to-do lists or organising research notes on a complex project really simple. You can download the app from www.projects.gnome.org/tomboy<br /><br /><b>9. Selinux –Security –</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPL. This app is integrated with Linux 2.6 allowing it to be configured to restrict resources available to users, programs and daemons very effectively. You can download the app from www.selinuxproject.org/page/Main_Page.<br /><br /><b>10. Deja-Dup -Back-up tool –</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPLv3. This app is a very simple tool for carrying out backups automatically and off-site. Its interface has two buttons and the configuration details are straightforward supporting a great range of backup locations including Amazon S3, SSH and Windows Shares. You can download the app from www. live.gnome.org/DejaDup .<br /><br /><b>11. Chromuim -</b> Web browser – This is a free browser and its license status is BSD. Google Chrome allows you to do many things in a better way compared to many other applications. The interface is kept free of tabs. All the tabs are in the title bar allowing you to focus on the content better. It is the fastest among all the browsers.<br /><br /><b>12. Ubuntu Software Centre –</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPL. It goes to a certain extent in making Linux repositories as pleasant as other trendy 'app' stores that have appeared recently. You can download the app from www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/features.<br /><br /><b>13. Amnesia The Dark Descent –</b> This is a proprietary app and is priced at $20. This is the scariest survival horror game ever to have been made. You can download it from www.amnesiagame.com .<br /><br /><b>14. Pencil - Animation –</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPL. The app makes traditional, hand-drawn animations along with bitmap and vector images. The finished animations can be exported as PNG or Flash. You can download this app from www.pencilanimation.org.<br /><br /><b>15. IRSSI -IRC client –</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPL. This app helps you in freeing yourself from getting stuck on the command line. You can download the app from www.irssi.org<br /><br /><b>16. EMACS -Text editor -</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPLv3. It is not only the most popular editor but also also a mail and news reader, project planner, calendar and much more. You can download the app from www.gnu.org/software/emacs.<br /><br /><b>17. Artha –Thesaurus -</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPLv2. An off-line thesaurus based on WordNet. It can look up selected text at the press of a button and provides synonyms, antonyms, causes and much more. You can download the app from www.artha.sourceforge.net/wiki.<br /><br /><b>18. Banshee -</b> Media player – This is a free app and its license status is MIT. This is a great media player with support for audio and video in any format. It is also a great support for portable devices. You can download the app from www.banshee.fm.<br /><br /><b>19. ZSNES -SNES emulator –</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPLv2. This is an excellent emulator to run your favorite games, from Mario to Street Fighter to Final Fantasy. You can download the app from www.zsnes.com.<br /><br /><b>20. Empathy- Messaging program –</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPL. This app allows you to chat with your friends irrespective of the platform they choose. The app supports a broad range of features on multiple networks that includes voice and video calling. You can download the app from www.live.gnome.org/Empathy.<br /><br /><b>21. Shotwell - Photo manager –</b> This is a free app and its license status is LGPL. This is a stable and feature-rich photo manager. It automatically collects images according to date. Its handly tools also make it easy to remove red-eye, crop, and adjust the color levels in your photographs and the software also supports uploading your pictures to plenty of online services, including Facebook, Flickr and Picasa.<br />You can download this app from www.yorba.org/shotwell.<br /><br /><b>22. TOR - Anonymity network –</b> This is a free app and its license status is BSD. The app protects you from traffic analysis, it acts like a network surveillance allowing third parties to make a detailed picture of your online habits. It encrypts your network traffic and routes it through a random set of other computers obscuring the origin and destination from prying eyes. You can download the app from www.torproject.org<br /><br /><b>23. Music Player Daemon –</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPL. It is server-side application for playing music. It is capable and can support gapless playback and filesystem monitoring; as a server. You can download the app from www.mpd.wikia.com.<br /><br /><b>24. VLC -Media player –</b> This is a free app and its license status is GPLv2 or later. It's a light Media Player sporting a hassle free interface that has been designed to get out of your way so that you can get on with watching your movies or listening to the latest episode of TuxRadar. It also has built-in support for almost every format known to man (with the exception of DVDs, which require you to install libdvdcss). You can download the app from www.videolan.org/vlc.<br /><br /><b>25. Clockwork Man –Game –</b> This is a proprietary app and is priced at $14.95. The game has great background and detailed features. You can download the app from www.theclockworkman.com/en</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

25 Best Linux Apps

25 Best Linux Apps     A shortlist of 25 best Linux apps keeping in mind the audience.      Linux is undoubtedly the best and the most popul...

Read more »

55 Best Linux Tips, Tricks And Command Lines

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><title>55 Best Linux Tips, Tricks And Command Lines</title><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><br /><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td class="td_left"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></td><td class="padding_all"></td> <td class="td_right"></td> </tr><tr> <td class="td_left"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img src="data:image/webp;base64,UklGRjAAAABXRUJQVlA4ICQAAACQAQCdASoLAAoAAUAmJaQAAudZOxAA/v5qXKIFI9eUKigIAAA=" /></span></td> <td class="padding_all"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"> <tbody><tr> <td><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"> <tbody><tr> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="100%"><style type="text/css">@page { margin: 0.79in }P{margin-bottom:.08in}</style> <br /><div align="CENTER" style="color: black; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>55 Best Linux Tips, Tricks And Command Lines</b></span></div><div style="color: black; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div><div align="CENTER" style="color: black; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;"><i>Here we bring to you the 55 best tips, tricks and command lines of all time contributed by our readers. Try your hands and have fun.</i></span></div><div style="color: black; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div><div align="JUSTIFY" style="color: black; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">If you are a Linux user and open to having some fun with your open source operating machine, then this is a must-read article for you. Here is a compilation of 55 tips, tricks and command lines of all time, enough to keep you equipped. Have a look:<br /><br /><b>1. Back-up and restore Thunderbird e-mails</b><br /><br />In Linux, when you want to reinstall your system for any reason, you need to take a back-up of your data along with your e-mails in Thunderbird. Given below are a few simple steps that back-up e-mails manually.<br />Check for your Thunderbird e-mail and profile folder. If you have not changed it, it should be in /home//.thunderbird/.default_folder/<br /><br />For example, the alphanumeric folder name on my system is vx3vg9j2.default<br />Copy the whole alphanumeric folder and place it in some other computer or storage device as an e-mail backup. Do remember to close Thunderbird before doing this.<br /><br />After reinstalling your PC with any Linux-based OS, install the Thunderbird e-mail client and configure your e-mail credentials before closing the Thunderbird client.<br /><br />Go to your Thunderbird folder in the new installation /home//.thunderbird/ folder. The alphanumeric named folder will be a different one now.<br /><br />For example: /home/guest/.thunderbird/jx3gv9k2.default<br /><br />Copy the contents of the old alphanumeric folder that is kept as a backup to the above location.<br /><br />That is, you need to copy the contents of vx3vg9j2.default to jx3gv9k2.default<br />Now, open the Thunderbird client and you will find that all the e-mail credentials, e-mails, e-mail rules and address book will be available as they were before re-installation.<br /><br />--<i>Sobhanadri Agnihotram,</i><br /><i>sobhanadri.a@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>2. Execute commands on a remote Linux machine</b><br /><br />If you want to execute any command or script on a remote Linux machine, you can use ssh. Below are a few examples.<br /><br />The syntax for running a command or script on a remote server is:<br />ssh [USER]@[IP] [command or script]<br /><br />Let us look at how this can be done. Suppose you want to display the directory contents of /root of a remote host, you can run the following command:<br /><br />[narendra@ubunu]$ ssh root@172.16.223.128 ls -l /root<br />root@172.16.223.128's password: <br />total 12<br /><br />drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 12 00:05 device_drivers<br /><br />drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 12 01:31 pthreads<br /><br />drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 12 01:32 python<br /><br />[narendra@ubunu]$<br /><br />The same can be done to run any script on the remote computer.<br />--<i>Narendra Kangralkar,</i><br /><i>narendrakangralkar@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>3. Run a Linux command after every reboot </b><br /><br />This tip allows you to run any Linux command or script just after system reboot. You can use the @reboot cron keyword.<br />If you have a script in your /home directory and it needs to be run on every boot, open the cron file in editable mode and add the following:<br /><br />$crontab -e<br /><br />@reboot /home/xyz/myscript.sh<br /><br />Do remember to enable crond on boot.<br /><i>Imran Sheikh,</i><br /><i>imrannsheikh@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>4. Comment out hashes in large configuration files</b><br /><br />Here is a small tip for system administrators, who need to tackle large configuration files, which include lots of commented lines (marked by #). With this tip you can remove all those hashes and provide only an uncommented configuration view for faster lookup into the file.<br />If you want to check the configuration file of the Squid proxy server, run the following command:<br /><br />#cat squid.conf | egrep -v ^#<br /><br />This will show only lines that do not start with a hash mark, thus giving the configuration parameter that is being used in the current set-up.<br />--<i>Yogesh Upadhyay,</i><br /><i>yogeshupadhya@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>5. Replacing '\n' with 'space' in each line of a file</b><br /><br />You can use the awk statement given below to remove the '\n' from each line and replace it with a blank space: <br /><br />awk '$1=$1' ORS=' ' /etc/passwd<br />--<i>Rajeev N Sambhu,</i><br /><i>rajnellaya@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>6. Know your shells</b><br /><br />Here is a command that will let you know about the available shells on your Linux distribution:<br /><br />#chsh -l<br /><br />To change your login shell, use the following command: <br /><br /># chsh<br />--Chandralekha Balachandran,<br />reachlekha@gmail.com<br />Advanced ls commands<br />The following commands are very useful to know your system better.<br />lspci – Lists all PCI devices. Use -v for verbose output.<br />lsusb – Lists all USB devices. Use -v for verbose output.<br />lsmod – Lists the status of modules in the Linux kernel.<br />lsattr – Lists file attributes on a second extended Linux file system.<br />lsof – Lists the file descriptors opened by all the processes. A very useful command when a process fails to close any file descriptors.<br />To know more details, you can view the manual pages of each command mentioned above. <br /><br />--<i>Prasanna Mohanasundaram,</i><br /><i>prasanna.mohanasundaram@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><br /><b>7. Checking for rootkits </b><br /><br />Attackers install rootkits on a machine to gain root access, while its presence is hidden from the real administrator of the server. A tool that can help you to detect rootkits on your machine is chkrootkit. You can download this from ftp://ftp.pangeia.com.br/pub/seg/pac/chkrootkit.tar.gz <br />To install chkrootkit, you need to compile the code that you have just downloaded. Extract the downloaded tar file and change to the extracted directory, as shown below:<br /><br /># tar -xvf chkrootkit.tar.gz<br /><br /># cd chkrootkit-0.49/<br /><br />Now compile the code by running the following command:<br /><br /># make sense<br /><br /><br />After successfully compiling, the tool is ready to be used. To check for rootkits, simply run chkrootkit as the root user:<br /><br /># ./chkrootkit<br /><br />--<i>Samual, samual45@gmail.com</i> <br /><br /><b>8. Finding and replacing a test with sed</b><br /><br />Let's look at how to find and replace a test using sed, a stream editor for filtering and transforming text. Let us first create a sample<br />text file with the following text:<br /><br />$ cat > sample.txt<br /><br />This is a first test of sample test file<br />This is a second test of sample test file<br /><br />Press Ctrl+D after you finish entering the text.<br />Now run the command below to display the contents of the newly created text file:<br /><br />$ cat sample.txt <br /><br />The output should be as displayed below:<br /><br />This is a first test of sample test file<br />This is a second test of sample test file<br /><br />Now, substitute the first occurrence of the pattern 'test' in each line with 'log':<br /><br />$ sed 's/test/log/' sample.txt <br /><br />This is a first log of sample test file<br />This is a second log of sample test file<br /><br />If you want to substitute the second occurrence of pattern 'test' in each line with 'log', use the following commands:<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />$ sed 's/test/log/2' sample.txt <br /><br />This is a first test of sample log file<br />This is a second test of sample log file<br /><br />To substitute every occurrence of the pattern 'test' in each line with 'log', use the code below:<br /><br />$ sed 's/test/log/g' sample.txt <br /><br />This is a first log of sample log file<br />This is a second log of sample log file<br /><br />The syntax for the above options is:<br /><br />sed 's/original_pattern/replacement/options' <br /><br />Also, by default, sed will send the data to the stander output device, <br />and you can redirect it to any file by using the redirection operator ">".<br /><br />$ sed 's/test/log/g' sample.txt > mod_sample.txt<br /><br />--<i>Jagan Teki, 402jagan@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>9. Backing up a MySQL database </b><br /><br />There are several methods to back up a MySQL database, one of which is to a command line option. You need to have mysqldump installed for this method.<br />mysqldump is a command line utility that comes with the MySQL installation It can be used to archive one or all databases.<br />Given below is the command to back up a single database:<br /><br />mysqldump --user [user_name] –password=[password_of_the user] [database name] > [dump_file]<br /><br />The command for back up of all databases in existence is as follows:<br /><br />mysqldump –u[user name] –p[password] –all-databases > [dump file]<br /><br />To restore the back up taken by mysqldump, use the normal SQL command.<br /><br />mysql --u [username] --password=[password] [database name] < [dump_file]<br />--<i>Manish,</i><br /><i>mt81@in.com </i><br /><br /><b>10. How to show the name of the current database in the MySQL prompt</b><br /><br />If you need the name of the currently selected database in your MySQL prompt, use the following lines in your MySQL configuration file (my.cnf):<br /><br />[mysql]<br /><br />prompt='mysql(\d)> '<br /><br />Now, when you connect, the MySQL prompt will look like what's shown below:<br /><br />mysql((none))> use test;<br /><br />Database changed<br /><br />mysql(test)> <br /><br />mysql(test)> use mysql;<br /><br />Database changed<br /><br />mysql(mysql)> <br /><br />This makes it very easy to identify the name of the database that you are currently working on.<br /><br />--<i>Mohana Sundaram N,</i><br /><i>mohan.linux@yahoo.com </i><br /><br /><b>11. Find your MySQL configuration file </b><br /><br />We often have to administer a system that has been set up by someone else. In such a situation, it's difficult to find the correct configuration files for different applications. Here is a tip to find the correct configuration file for MySQL:<br /><br />mysql -? | grep ".cnf"<br />--<i>Remin Raphael,</i><br /><i>remin@smartgeek.in</i><br /><br /><b>12. View the contents of tar and rpm files</b><br />Here are two simple commands to show you the contents of the tar and rpm files.<br />1. To view the content of a tar file, issue the following command:<br /><br />#tar -tvf /path/to/file.tar<br /><br />2. To view the content of an rpm file, use the command given below:<br /><br />#rpm -qlp /path/to/file.rpm<br /><br />--<i>Giriraj G Rajasekharan,</i><br /><i>girirajgr@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>13. Playing around with MP3 files</b><br /><br />Here is a tip that helps you cut, split, join or merge MP3 files in Ubuntu, resulting in a better quality output.<br />To cut an MP3 file, you need to install poc-streamer, as follows:<br /><br />$sudo apt-get install poc-streamer<br /><br />The syntax for mp3cut is given below:<br /><br />mp3cut [-o outputfile] [-T title] [-A artist] [-N album-name] [-t [hh:]mm:ss[+ms]-[hh:]mm:ss[+ms]] mp3 [-t ...] mp3 -o output: Output file, default mp3file.out.mp3<br /><br />For example, if you want to cut a one-minute clip of the MP3 file named input.mp3 to a .wav file called output.wav, run the following command:<br /><br />$mp3cut -o output.wav -t 00:00(+0)-01:00(+0) input.mp3<br /><br />If you want to join two MP3 files, you need to install mp3wrap, as follows:<br /><br />$sudo apt-get install mp3wrap<br /><br />The syntax for mp3wrap is shown below:<br /><br />$mp3wrap merged_filename.mp3 filename1.mp3 filename2.mp3<br /><br />…where filename1.mp3 and filename2.mp3 are my input files that can be merged together.<br />Finally, you can split a single large MP3 file into small files by installing Mp3split using the following command:<br /><br />$sudo apt-get install mp3splt<br /><br />Now, to split the large file, run the following command:<br /><br />$mp3splt filename.mp3 00.00 01.23 03.20<br /><br />Filename.mp3 is my input file, which can be split into two MP3 files. One is from the start to the 1 min 23 sec point, and another one is from 1 min 23 sec to 3 min 20 sec. Mp3split can make smaller files without decoding even the file.<br /><br />--<i>Rajasekhar Chintalpudi,</i><br /><i>rajasekhar.chintalapudi@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>14. GRUB 2 recovery</b><br /><br />We often come across a condition in which the boot loader gets corrupt. Here are a few steps that will help you recover your GRUB 2 boot loader.<br />Boot from a live CD or DVD, which supports GRUB 2 (Ubuntu 9.10 CD or above. A DVD will take more time than a CD, so I suggest you boot from a CD).<br />Open the terminal and run fdisk -l to check the partition from which you want to recover GRUB 2.<br />Here I assume that you want to recover it from /dev/sda1.<br />Then run the following commands:<br /><br />$sudo mkdir /media/sda1<br /><br />$sudo mount /dev/sda1 /media/sda1<br /><br />$sudo mount --bind /dev /media/sda1/dev<br /><br />$sudo mount --bind /proc /media/sda1/proc<br /><br />Now chroot into that partition by running the command given below: <br /><br />$sudo chroot /media/sda1<br /><br />Then re-install GRUB, as follows:<br /><br />#grub-install /dev/sda<br /><br />The output should be like what's shown below:<br /><br />Installation finished. No error reported.<br /><br />If you get an error, then try the following command:<br /><br />#grub-install --recheck /dev/sda<br /><br />After a successful installation, exit from chroot and unmount the file systems that were mounted to recover GRUB. Now reboot.<br /><br />#exit<br /><br />$sudo umount /media/sda1/proc<br /><br />$sudo umount /media/sda1/dev<br /><br />$sudo umount /media/sda1<br /><br />$sudo reboot<br /><br />You've successfully completed recovering your GRUB boot loader.<br /><br />--<i>Kousik Maiti,</i><br /><i>kousikster@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>15. Record whatever you do in the terminal</b><br /><br />Have you ever felt that you should record everything you do in the terminal in a file?<br />Then try out the following tip. There is a command named script, which can be used with option –a to append the output to a file.<br /><br />Given below is an example that will show how it works:<br />Mandriva~:$ script -a lfy<br />Script started, file is lfy<br />Mandriva~:$ uname -a<br />Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.33.5-desktop-2mnb #1 SMP Thu Jun 17 21:30:10 UTC 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux<br />Mandriva~:$ uname<br />Linux<br />Mandriva~:$ exit<br />exit <br />Script done, file is lfy<br /><br />Here, the name of the file is lfy. You can verify it later by using the code given below: <br /><br />Mandriva~:$ cat lfy<br />Script started on Mon 16 May 2011 02:09:47 AM EDT<br />Mandriva~:$ uname -a<br />Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.33.5-desktop-2mnb #1 SMP Thu Jun 17 21:30:10 UTC 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux<br />Mandriva~:$ uname<br />Linux<br />Mandriva~:$ exit<br />exit<br /><br />Script done on Mon 16 May 2011 02:10:32 AM EDT<br /><br />--<i>Sibi, </i><br /><i>psibi2000@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>16. Wonders of VIM</b><br /><br />VIM has a very useful command set. Here are a few commands that can be used to increase your productivity.<br /><br />VIM as a file comparator:<br /><br />Use '-d' switch to compare two files in VIM. This command splits the VIM screen vertically and shows the differences.<br /><br />vim -d file1 file2<br /><br /><b>17.  load new files in separate windows:</b><br /><br />If you have a file named 'first.txt' loaded already in VIM, then use ':split second.txt' to load another file named 'second.txt' in a separate window--IM will split the screen horizontally and load the second file. You can use ':vsplit' to split the screen vertically. 'Ctrl+w' can be used to switch between the windows.<br /><br /><b>18. VIM as a command:</b><br /><br />Normally, we use VIM as an editor; however, it can be used as a command. It allows the execution of VIM commands with switch '-c', for example. Here is a command to replace all '>' characters to '>>' in a file FILE.TXT without opening VIM.<br /><br />vim -c ":s/>/>>/g" -c ":wq" FILE.TXT<br /><br /><b>19. To open a file in read-only mode:</b><br /><br />Use the '-R' switch to open a file in read-only mode; later on, '!' can be used to forcefully write to the file.<br /><br />--<i>Satya prakash, </i><br /><i>satya.comnet@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>20. Check your processor and OS architecture</b><br /><br />You might want to install a 64-bit OS on your machine, but the processor might just be 32-bit compatible. Sometimes it happens the other way too, i.e., you install a 32-bit OS on a machine that has a 64-bit processor. Here is how to find out whether the installed OS as well as the CPU are of 64-bit or 32-bit.<br /><br />Given below is the command that will output the details of the OS installed:<br /><br />$ uname -m<br /><br />The result for a 64-bit OS installation (for x86_64 architecture):<br /><br />x86_64<br /><br />The result for a non-64-bit OS installation (for i686 architecture):<br /><br />i686<br /><br />To know about the processor, run the following command:<br /><br />$ lshw -class processor | grep width<br /><br />Shown below is the result for a 64-bit installation:<br /><br />width: 64 bits<br /><br />The result for a 32-bit installation:<br /><br />width: 32 bits<br /><br /><i>Note: Please install lshw if it is not already installed on your system</i><br /><br />--Srikanth Vittal,<br />vi.srikanth@gmail.com <br /><br /><b>21. Sudoing with Fedora </b><br /><br />Ever felt tired of entering the super-user password after typing 'su –c' again and again? Type 'su -c visudo' just once and uncomment the following line:<br /><br /># %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL<br /><br />Replace 'wheel' with your sudo username. So if the username is egghead, the line becomes…<br /><br />%egghead ALL=(ALL) ALL<br /><br />Save and quit. You're good to use egghead as the sudo user.<br /><br />--<i>A. Datta, </i><br /><i>webmaster@aucklandwhich.org </i><br /><br /><b>22. Let your Linux system welcome you</b><br /><br />Issue the following script and name it welcome.sh <br /><br />echo "Hi zades you are welcome today is " | festival --tts<br />date| cut -d" " -f 1-3 | festival --tts <br /><br />Now put the command sh welcome.sh at start-up. This will allow the script to run every time you log in to your system. Once done, restart your system to hear the message that is written in the Echo command. <br /><br />The festival command is used to change the text to voice. You can use this command in many ways according to your creativity. Do remember to check that you have festival installed before trying this tip.<br /><br />--<i>Vinay Jhedu,</i><br /><i>vinay.komal100@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>23. Ignoring the case during TAB-completion</b><br /><br />By default, TAB-completion is not useful if the name of the file or directory starts with an uppercase. You can make your Shell totally ignore the case for the name by adding the following entry in /etc/inputrc: <br /><br />set completion-ignore-case on<br /><br />Then restart your Shell. From now onwards, TAB-completion will complete your file or directory name, and completely ignore the case.<br /><br />Do remember to make changes to inputrc only as the root user.<br />You can read more about this in the manual pages of readline:<br /><br />man readline<br /><br />--<i>Sachin P,</i><br /><i>iclcoolster@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>24. Find your OS and distribution name</b><br /><br />Here is a tip that will let you know the name of the OS, along with other details:<br /><br />[root@vl-pun-blg-qa27]# lsb_release -a<br /><br />LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch<br />Distributor ID: CentOS<br />Description: CentOS release 5.5 (Final)<br />Release: 5.5<br />Codename: Final<br /><br />--<i>Narendra Kangralkar,</i><br /><i>narendrakangralkar@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>25. Auto mounting a partition on Linux</b><br /><br />The file that contains data regarding the devices to be mounted at start-up is in /etc/fstab. To automatically mount a partition, follow the steps given below.<br /><br />First, create the directory in which your partition will be mounted. Create one directory per partition. I created the directory in /media. This directory is known as the 'mount point' for the partition.<br /><br />To create the mount point, open up the terminal and type the following command:<br /><br />sudo mkdir location_of_dir/name_of_dir<br /><br />…or you can use Nautilus, the file manager, to create a folder.<br /><br />If the directory is created in a location in which you need root privileges, use sudo. After creating the mount point, modify /etc/fstab as per your requirements. It is always advisable to create a backup of the /etc/fstab file before making any changes, because any error in that file can prevent your OS from booting.<br /><br />Now, make changes in fstab to auto mount the HDD partition:<br /><br />sudo gedit /etc/fstab <br /><br />Open the /etc/fstab with a text editor of your choice with root privileges.<br />In this file, add the details in the same order as done for the existing partitions.<br /><br />The order should be as follows: the device name, the default mount point, the file-system type, mount options, dump, and the fsck option.<br /><br />The device name is the name of the HDD partition (such as /dev/sda5): the mount point is the full path of the directory where the partition is to be mounted. The file system type is the type of file system like ext4, fat, ntfs, etc. Mount options are normally given as defaults, while dump and fsck options are given as 0.<br /><br />I had a partition /dev/sda5 and I created the directory /media/mydisk. My partition was of type ext4, so to my /etc/fstab, I added the following command:<br /><br />/dev/sda5 /media/mydisk ext4 defaults 0 0 <br /><br />Save the file and in the command prompt, type the following:<br /><br />sudo mount -a<br /><br />Now, the partition will be automatically mounted on every reboot.<br />--<i>Vineeth Kartha,</i><br /><i>vineethkartha@ieee.org</i><br /><br /><b>26. Creating a virtual file system</b><br /><br />Here is a simple tip that allows you to create a virtual file system and mount it with a loopback device. <br /><br />STEP 1: First create a file of 10 MB using the following command:<br /><br />$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/disk-image count=20480<br /><br />By default, dd uses a block of 512 so the size will be 20480*512<br />STEP 2: Now create the file system as ext2 or ext3<br />Here, in the following example, let's use ext3 as a file system:<br /><br />$ mkfs -t ext3 -q /tmp/disk-image<br /><br />You can even use Reiser as a file system type, but you'll need to create a bigger disk image. Something like what's shown below:<br /><br />$dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/disk-image count=50480<br /><br />$mkfs -t reiserfs -q /tmp/disk-image<br /><br />STEP 3: As the final step, create a mount point and mount the file system:<br /><br />$ mkdir /virtual-fs <br /><br />$ mount -o loop=/dev/loop0 /tmp/disk-image /virtual-fs<br /><br />Note: If you want to mount multiple devices, you will have to increase the loop count as mentioned below:<br /><br />loop=/dev/loop1, loop=/dev/loop2,... loop=/dev/loopn<br /><br />After you complete the above steps, you can use it as a virtual file system. You can even add this to /etc/fstab to mount this virtual file system whenever you computer is rebooted.<br />Open your /etc/fstab in a text editor and add the following:<br /><br />/tmp/disk-image /virtual-fs ext3 rw,loop=/dev/loop0 0 0<br /><br />--<i>Aarsh S Talati,</i><br /><i>aarshstalati1989@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>27. Identify your current shell name</b><br /><br />You can identify your current shell name by using the following commands:<br /><br />[narendra@CentOS]$ echo $SHELL<br /><br />/bin/bash<br /><br />The "SHELL" environment variable stores the name of the current shell.<br />You can also use the command given below to get the shell name:<br /><br />[narendra@CentOS]$ echo $0<br /><br />bash<br /><br />"$0" will print the name of the program; here the program name is 'current shell'.<br /><br />--<i>Narendra Kangralkar,</i><br /><i>narendrakangralkar@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>28. Scan open ports</b><br /><br />The command given below will scan all the open TCP ports on the loopback interface:<br /><br />nmap -sS -O 127.0.0.1<br /><br />In general, you can use the following:<br /><br />nmap -sS -O <br /><br />To scan open UDP ports in the system, use the command given below:<br /><br />nmap -sU -O <br /><br />--<i>Prasanna,</i><br /><i>prasanna.mohanasundaram@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>29. Rev up!</b><br /><br />As *nix sysadmins, we need to do a whole bunch of text-based data processing, either in files or data streams.<br /><br />Here is a shell command called rev that I came across and wanted to share with you geeks because I really liked it and found it useful.<br /><br />The rev command utility reverses the order of characters in every line. In short, it creates a mirror image. The most common use of rev is to reverse the line, extract a particular string and then pipe through rev a second time to restore the original.<br /><br />So, if I want to get the year mentioned at the end of a string, this is what I will do: <br /><br />$cat fileinfo.txt<br /><br />Last Changed Date: 2011-08-11 18:10:08 -0500 Thu, 11 Aug 2011<br /><br />$cat fileinfo.txt | rev<br />1102 guA 11 ,uhT 0050- 80:01:81 11-80-1102 :etaD degnahC tsaL<br /><br />$cat fileinfo.txt | rev | awk '{print $1}'<br />1102<br /><br />$cat fileinfo.txt | rev | awk '{print $1}' | rev<br />2011<br /><br />Voila! Got the year! This is just one workaround, out of the many ways of doing this same task. After all, it doesn't hurt to learn something new.<br />--<i>Ram Iyer,</i><br /><i>ramiyer1@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>30. Increment or decrement a number present in Vim editor </b><br /><br />This tip will increment and decrement a number in Vim editor. To increment, use Ctrl+A and to decrement, use Ctlr+X.<br />The following example will explain it further.<br /><br />Let's suppose a number, 5, is present in the file that is being edited in Vim editor. Now, if you need to increment or decrement the number by 1, place the cursor on the digit and press Ctrl+A to increment it (i.e., it becomes 6); if you press Ctrl+A again, 6 becomes 7, and so on. In the same way, if you press Ctrl+X, the number will be decremented by 1.<br />If you press 8 and then press Ctrl+X, the number will be decremented by 8. Similarly, pressing 12 and then Ctrl+A will increment the number by 12.<br />--<i>Adithya Kiran Gangu,</i><br /><i>adithya.kiran@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>31. Search and delete files from a folder</b><br /><br />If you want to delete all the .lock files from a folder, use the following command:<br /><br />find -name *.lock | xargs rm -rf<br /><br />This will find all the files with the .lock extension and delete them. This can be done for any files that you need to delete.<br /><br />--<i>Mridhul,</i><br /><i>mridhul@live.com </i><br /><br /><b>32. Get the right information easily</b><br /><br />Newbies exploring GNU/Linux sometimes find it difficult to get the right information about a device that is not working. Yet, this information is required to make the device work. Here is a command that gives you the details of all PCI devices and the kernel driver that is associated with them.<br />Open the terminal and log in as the root user. Now run the following command:<br /><br />lspci -k<br /><br />lspci gives you the information about the PCI buses and also the devices connected to them, and the -k switch displays which kernel module is handling the device. So if it is missing on some device, you need to install the driver for that device.<br /><br />--<i>Pankaj Tanwar,</i><br /><i>pankaj.tux@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>33. Number conversion in the Vim editor </b><br /><br />Here is a tip that will let you convert hexadecimal numbers to decimal numbers and vice versa in the Vim editor.<br />To convert hexadecimal numbers to decimal numbers, you need to type the following in the Vim editor's command mode:<br /><br />:echo 0x111<br /><br />Press Enter and you will get the result:<br /><br />273<br /><br />You can even try the command given below to convert the number:<br /><br />:echo printf ('%d',0x111)<br /><br />273<br /><br />Now to convert decimal numbers to hexadecimal numbers…<br /><br />:echo printf ('%x', 273)<br />111<br /><br />You can even perform simple arithmetic on Vim's command prompt as given in the example below:<br /><br />:echo printf ('%x',273-173)<br /><br />64<br /><br />:echo 0x111-0x10<br /><br />257<br />--<i>Adithya Kiran Gangu,</i><br /><i>adithya.kiran@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>34. Know the libraries used by a program</b><br /><br />Here is a tip that will help you know what shared libraries are being used by a program.<br /><br />For example, to figure out exactly which libraries are used by ls, run the following command:<br /><br />ldd /bin/ls<br /><br />The output will be a list of all shared libraries:<br /><br />linux-gate.so.1 => (0xffffe000)<br />libselinux.so.1 => /lib/libselinux.so.1 (0xb786c000)<br />librt.so.1 => /lib/librt.so.1 (0xb7862000)<br />libcap.so.2 => /lib/libcap.so.2 (0xb785c000)<br />libacl.so.1 => /lib/libacl.so.1 (0xb7852000)<br />libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0xb76e4000)<br />libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0xb76df000)<br />/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xb78a4000)<br />libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0xb76c4000)<br />libattr.so.1 => /lib/libattr.so.1 (0xb76be000)<br /><br />--<i>Aarsh S Talati,</i><br /><i>aarshstalati1989@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>35. Use YUM to download a package</b><br /><br />Often, you need to download rpm packages without installing them on the system that you are using to download it. Using the normal YUM command downloads the packages and also installs them on your computer. Here is an option that will only download the rpm package for you. It will download it in the folders specified in the '--downloaddir' option.<br /><br /># yum update httpd -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt<br /><br />Now, you can install all rpm packages in this folder by running the following command:<br /><br /># rpm -Uivh *.rpm<br /><br />Do remember to run these commands as the root.<br /><br />--<i>Pratyay Modi,</i><br /><i>pratyaymodi@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>36. Resolve FSCK failed error</b><br /><br />Sometimes, while booting your Linux system, you may come across the error shown below:<br /><br />FSCK failed. Please repair manually and reboot. The root file system is currently mounted read-only. To remount it read-write do:<br />bash# mount-n -o remount,rw /<br />Attention: Only CONTROL-D will reboot the system in this maintance mode. shudown or reboot will not work.<br />Give root password for login:_<br /><br />Provide your root password and try the following command: <br /><br />mount -n -o remount,rw /<br /><br />If this does not work for you, reboot your system and do a manual file system check on your root partition as follows:<br /><br />umount /dev/hddXXX<br /><br />fsck -CV /dev/hddXXX<br /><br />…where hddXX is the root partition.<br /><br /><br />--<i>Abhishek Chib,</i><br /><i>abhishek.chib@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>37. Undo your changes even after quitting the VIM editor</b><br /><br />As all of us know, if you make changes in a file using VIM editor, the changes are permanent and you cannot get the old version back after you save and quit the editor.<br />But VIM v7.3 allows you to get the old version back even after quitting the editor.<br />Here is a tip that shows you how to configure VIM to remember changes.<br />To enable Undo, execute the following commands in VIM just before starting to edit the file.<br /><br />:set undofile<br /><br />:set undodir=/tmp<br /><br />This is to be done every time you start editing a file. In case you need the configuration to be there for all files that you open in VIM, create a file called '.exrc' or '.vimrc' in $HOME directory. In my case, it is /myhome. <br />Open the just created file and add the following commands:<br /><br /># vi /myhome/.exrc<br /><br />set undofile<br /><br />set undodir=/tmp<br /><br />Save and close the file.<br /><br />:wq<br /><br />From now onwards, the Undo history is maintained in the background for all files that you edit with VIM. <br /><br />--<i>Adithya Kiran Gangu,</i><br /><i>adithya.kiran@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>38. Using 'vi' commands on your terminal </b><br />Using 'vi' commands while working on the terminal is a good work enabler. To set your terminal to 'vi' mode, you need to use the following command:<br /><br />set -o vi<br /><br />Now you can use the command mode and the insert mode of 'vi' while working on the terminal.<br /><br />--<i>Dipjyoti Ghosh,</i><br /><i>dipjyoti.ghosh@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>39. Get your IP address</b><br /><br />Here is a one line command to fetch all the IP addresses (except localhost) of your computer:<br /><br /># ifconfig | grep "inet addr:" | awk '{print $2}' | grep -v '127.0.0.1' | cut -f2 -d:<br /><br />Note: Use the above command as the root user.<br /><br />--<i>Balkaran Brar, </i><br /><i>balkaran.brar@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>40. Make your system speak for you! </b><br /><br />You can make your system speak for you by using the Speech Synthesizer command normally available in Ubuntu and many other distributions of Linux. <br />To do so, issue the following command:<br /><br /># espeak "hello how are you"<br /><br />You will hear a voice speaking for you.<br />To change the pitch of the voice, you can issue the following command in the format shown:<br /><br /># espeak -p 80 "hello how are you"<br /><br />…(default being 50)<br />Issuing the following form of command will control the speed of the speech, in terms of words per minute:<br /><br /># espeak -s 80 "hello how are you"<br /><br />There are more interesting options available in the man pages.<br />--<i>Sanjay Goswami, </i><br /><i>sanjaygoswamee@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>41. Measuring the network throughput between two Linux systems </b><br /><br />Iperf is a tool that measures the bandwidth and the quality of a network link. It can be installed very easily on any Linux system. One host must be set as the client and the other one as the server. Make sure that iperf is installed on both systems. If it is not installed, then use your package manager to install it before trying this tip.<br /><br />Now run iperf on one of the Linux systems as the server, as shown below:<br /><br />linux-erv3:/home/test/Desktop # iperf -s<br /><br />------------------------------------------------------------<br />Server listening on TCP port 5001<br /><br />TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default)<br />------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br />Go to the second Linux system and run iperf -c as the client:<br /><br />linux-6bg3:~ # iperf -c 192.168.1.100<br /><br />------------------------------------------------------------<br />Client connecting to 192.168.1.100, TCP port 5001<br />TCP window size: 16.0 KByte (default)<br />------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br />[ 3] local 192.168.1.109 port 39572 connected with 192.168.1.100 port 5001<br /><br />^C[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth<br /><br />[ 3] 0.0- 6.3 sec 6.38 MBytes 8.51 Mbits/sec<br /><br />By default, the iperf client connects to the iperf server on the TCP port 5001 and the bandwidth displayed by iperf is the bandwidth from the client to the server. In the above example, it is 8.51 Mbits/sec between two Linux test systems connected over a wireless network.<br /><br />--<i>Prasanna,</i><br /><i>prasanna.mohanasundaram@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>42. Print a file with line numbers </b><br /><br />If you want a file with line numbers (say for printing), you can use the 'nl' command in Linux:<br /><br />$ nl file.c <br /><br />This prints the file with line numbers to standard output or this can be even redirected to a <br /><br />file as shown below:<br /><br />$nl file.c > output.txt<br /><br />Here, output.txt will have the codes of file.c with each line having a line number.<br /><br />--<i>Phaniram Vallury,</i><br /><br /><i>ramvvs@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>43. Cut specific logs </b><br /><br />If you need to cut specific logs from the complete log of any application, here is a tip that will <br /><br />be of help.<br /><br />Open the log file in a vi editor and set the editor to display the line number:<br /><br />vi server.log<br /><br />:set nu<br /><br />The above process will provide you the line numbers in the logs. You can then search for <br /><br />the specific string and note down the line number (e.g., 550). Now, note down the last line <br /><br />number by using Shift+G (e.g., 780)<br /><br />sed -n 550,780p server.log > threaddump.log<br /><br />So the threaddump only contains lines from 550 to 780.<br /><br />--<i>Venkatesh R,</i><br /><br /><i>venka.2k@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>44. Reset ifconfig counters </b><br /><br />As you can see, ifconfig keeps a couple of counters (RX/TX packets, RX/TX bytes, errors, <br /><br />dropped, overruns, frames and carrier collisions). You can quickly spot if there is a problem by <br /><br />just looking at the ifconfig counters:<br /><br />#ifconfig eth0<br /><br />eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx<br /><br />inet addr:192.168.0.2 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0<br /><br />UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1<br /><br />RX packets:4233700943 errors:2 dropped:0 overruns:3 frame:5<br /><br />TX packets:1917219659 errors:1 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:348<br /><br />collisions:5753 txqueuelen:3000<br /><br />RX bytes:1467520026 (1.3 GiB) TX bytes:2299240337 (2.1 GiB)<br /><br />You can now find out what driver is being used by the network interface, which you want to <br /><br />reset by using ethtool.<br /><br />#ethtool -i eth0<br /><br />driver: e100<br /><br />version: 3.4.14-k4-NAPI<br /><br />firmware-version: N/A<br /><br />bus-info: 0000:01:07.0<br /><br /># modprobe -r e100; modprobe e100; ifup eth0<br /><br />This will reset all counters.<br /><br />--<i>Vinod Rana,</i><br /><br /><i>rana3807@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>45. Power yourself with Netstat </b><br /><br />Here are a few uses of the netstat command that can help you.<br />To display the kernel interface table:<br /><br />netstat -i<br /><br />To display the kernel routing table:<br /><br />netstat -rn<br /><br />To display all open network sockets:<br /><br />netstat -uta<br /><br />To display network statistics:<br /><br />netstat -s<br /><br />--<i>Prasanna,</i><br /><i>prasanna.mohanasundaram@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>46. Finding the full path of the shell command</b><br /><br />There is a command named which that takes one or more arguments as input. It prints to standard output the full path of the shell command. It does this by searching for an executable or script in the directories listed in the environment variable PATH:<br /><br />[aarsh@localhost ~]$ which poweroff<br /><br />/usr/bin/poweroff<br /><br />If the command is not found, it gives the output shown below:<br /><br />[aarsh@localhost ~]$ which moodule<br /><br />/usr/bin/which: no moodule in (/usr/lib/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/lib/ccache:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/aarsh/bin)<br /><br />--<i>Aarsh S Talati,</i><br /><i>aarshstalati1989@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>47. Securing files</b><br /><br />Here is a simple tip to password protect your files:<br /><br />vi -x test<br /><br />This command will ask for an encryption key. You have to type the key twice. Then save and quit the opened file.<br />Now, whenever you open this file, it will ask for that password first.<br /><br />--<i>Sumit Chauhan,</i><br /><i>sumit1203@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>48. Uninstalling a package </b><br /><br />To completely uninstall a package, first check the exact name of the package to be uninstalled by using the following command:<br /><br />sudo dpkg --get-selections | grep package_name<br /><br />The output of the above command will display the name of the package.<br />Once you know the package name, you can remove it by using the command shown below:<br /><br />sudo apt-get remove --purge package_name<br /><br />--<i>Neeraj Joshi,</i><br /><i>neeraj88joshi@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><br /><b>49. How to check the date and time the system was rebooted </b><br /><br />Here is a simple command to check the system's reboot date and time:<br /><br />#last reboot<br /><br />reboot system boot 2.6.18-53.el5 Sat Aug 6 18:02 (8+04:45)<br />wtmp begins Sat Aug 6 18:02:07 2011<br /><br />The command below will give you the date and time the system was booted:<br /><br />#who -b<br /><br />system boot 2011-08-24 09:43<br /><br />--<i>Sumit Chauhan,</i><br /><i>sumit1203@gmail.com </i><br /><br /><b>50. Reloading XWindows System</b><br /><br />Sometimes, while working on a Linux-based computer, XWindows System doesn't respond very well. Here are the steps to reload XWindows System in a non-responsive Ubuntu system.<br /><br />1. First open the command mode by pressing: Ctrl + Alt + F2<br />…and then entering your username and password.<br /><br />2. Then run the following command:<br /><br />top <br /><br />Search the process named 'Xorg' in the list.<br />If it does not appear, wait for a few seconds. Then find the PID of the 'Xorg' process, listed at the extreme left of the output on the top.<br />You can also get the PID using the command given below:<br /><br />pgrep Xorg<br /><br />3. Now run the following command to kill the Xorg process:<br /><br />sudo kill "PID"<br /><br />…where PID is the process ID of Xorg.<br />This will reload the XWindows System.<br /><br />Note: You must have root access to use these commands<br /><br />--<i>Indermohan Singh,</i><br /><i>indermohansinghk7@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>51. Handling log files</b><br /><br />Developers require a lot of testing after coding the software and they frequently need to handle the log files to identify the errors in the code of an application program. Given below are the steps to handle various log files that are being generated on a Linux system.<br /><br />1. Clearing a log/text file:<br /><br />$ >filename<br /><br />The above command will clear all contents of the file.<br />2. To view the log/text file:<br /><br />$ tail -f filename <br /><br />This command will display the file contents as and when the log is written. It also displays the flow of the log.<br />3. To use more sophisticated tools on log files:<br /><br />$ less filename<br /><br />This will display the log file contents. You can also use the commands below while using less.<br />a. To refresh the log automatically, press: <br /><br />"f" <br /><br />after issuing the less command.<br /><br />b. To stop refreshing the logs, press: <br /><br />CTRL + C<br /><br />c. To scroll up, press:<br /><br />w<br /><br />d. To scroll down, press:<br /><br />d<br /><br />e. To exit the mode, press:<br /><br />CTRL+C <br /><br />and then press<br /><br />q<br /><br />--<i>Pranavam Siddharthan,</i><br /><i>pranavam.s@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>52. Changing file names from upper case to lower</b><br /><br />To manually change the case (upper to lower or vice versa) of a large number of files can be tedious. So, here is a script that can make life easy:<br /><br />#to change uppercase filenames to lowercase <br />#!/bin/sh<br />if [ $# -eq 0 ] ; then<br />echo Usage: $0 Files<br />exit 0<br />fi<br />for f in $* ; do<br />g=`echo $f | tr "[A-Z]" "[a-z]"`<br />echo mv -i $f $g<br />mv -i $f $g<br />done<br /><br />If you want to change the case from lower to upper, replace <br /><br />g=`echo $f | tr "[A-Z]" "[a-z]"`<br /><br />with<br /><br />g=`echo $f | tr "[a-z]" "[A-Z]"`<br /><br />in the script.<br /><br />--Anil Awasare,<br />anil.awasare@gmail.com<br /><br />Counting the number of files in a directory<br />Here is a simple command that can count the number of files in a directory (not the hidden ones):<br /><br />echo * | wc -w<br /><br />--<i>Anil Awasare,</i><br /><i>anil.awasare@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>53. Find and move files</b><br /><br />You can find and move files in two steps. Step 1 enables you to find all files with .mp3 as the file extension. In Step 2, you can move them.<br />Step 1:<br /><br />[narendra@ubuntu]$ find DIR_NAME -type f -iname "*.mp3"<br /><br />./dir2/f4.mp3<br />./dir2/f3.mp3<br />./dir1/f2.mp3<br /><br />Note: Replace DIR_NAME with your actual directory name.<br /><br />In the above example, you are only finding the files (that's why you used -type f) that have extension '.mp3'. Now you can move these files by using the '-exec' option of the 'find' command.<br />Step 2:<br /><br />[narendra@ubuntu]$ find DIR_NAME -type f -iname "*.mp3" -exec mv {} /tmp/mp3/ \;<br /><br />Here, '{}' matches each filename which is found by the 'find' command. And '\;' is used to indicate the end of the command.<br />After executing this command, all mp3 files are moved into the '/tmp/mp3' directory.<br /><br />--<i>Narendra Kangralkar,</i><br /><i>narendrakangralkar@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><br /><b>54. Burning a DVD using the command line</b><br /><br />Do you know that burning content using the command line onto a DVD on your Linux-based computer can be easy and fun? Here are the steps and commands that allow you to do so.<br /><br />Burning an ISO image<br />You can download your favourite Linux distribution and type the following single command:<br /><br />$ growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=your_linux_image.iso<br /><br />Here /dev/dvd is your DVD burner device.<br /><br />Burning a non-ISO image<br />For burning non-ISO images onto a DVD, first create an ISO image of the data and then burn the ISO image on the disk:<br /><br />$ mkisofs -r -o /tmp/my_stuff.iso ~/Desktop/My_Stuff/<br /><br />$ growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=/tmp/my_stuff.iso<br /><br />There are several options of mkisofs and growisofs that can be explored to suit your requirement.<br />You can read the man pages for more details of the commands and their options.<br /><br />--<i>Dibyendu Roy,</i><br /><i>diby.roy@gmail.com</i><br /><br /><b>55. Find out the elapsed time of a running process</b><br /><br />There are a lot of processes running on your Linux system. Here is a command that will let you know how long the process has been running:<br /><br />#ps -eo "%p %c %t"|grep "sshd"<br /><br />In response to the above command, you will get the following output:<br /><br />2850 sshd 172-01:37:22<br />29532 sshd 125-09:07:10<br /><br />In the above command %p is pid, %c is command and %t is elapsed time.<br /><br />--<i>Ravikumar R,</i><br /><i>ravikumar.raam@gmail.com</i></span></div><div style="color: black; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div></td> <td valign="top" width="2%"></td> <td valign="top" width="23%"><!--<img src="images/globe.jpg" width="143" height="144" />--> </td> </tr><tr> <td class="font_sml"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> <td class="td_right"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img src="data:image/webp;base64,UklGRjAAAABXRUJQVlA4ICQAAACQAQCdASoLAAoAAUAmJaQAAudVS1YA/v8TPub2xxpkAwAAAAA=" /></span></td> </tr><tr> <td><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img src="data:image/webp;base64,UklGRjYAAABXRUJQVlA4ICoAAADQAQCdASoLAAwAAUAmJaQAAudLsVt+AAD+/oCJMQWx4C2jO3iVqkT1QAA=" /></span></td> <td class="td_bot"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img src="data:image/webp;base64,UklGRjAAAABXRUJQVlA4ICQAAACQAQCdASoJAAwAAUAmJaQAAuabywAA/v8SYW8DowJfbHrI2AA=" /></span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img src="data:image/webp;base64,UklGRjwAAABXRUJQVlA4IDAAAADQAQCdASoLAAwAAUAmJaQAAudh8/abAAD+/xM+f8E73hvgYs3YItpndlKxw2NAAAA=" /></span></td> </tr></tbody></table></div>

55 Best Linux Tips, Tricks And Command Lines

55 Best Linux Tips, Tricks And Command Lines ...

Read more »

12 Must-Follow Linux Nerds!

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8159282563998270729" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><table><tbody><tr><td valign="top"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> <span style="color: black;">One good thing about the Linux community is that the big names are not unapproachable. All you have to do is to look up on the Internet and you are sure to find them. Some are developers, some are advocates and evangelists and others are community enthusiasts. So if you're interested in staying updated on the Linux world directly from the sources, here's a list of some of the most interesting Linux Nerds to follow! <br /><br /> </span> </span></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="Linux, open source, Linux stars, Linux heros, Linux big names, Jono Bacon, Linus torvalds, Aaron Seigo. social networks" border="1" height="150" onload="var elem=this;setTimeout(function(){elem.onload = null;elem.src=elem.getAttribute('pagespeed_high_res_src');}, 0);" pagespeed_high_res_src="http://1-ps.googleusercontent.com/h/www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/150x150xDgmB125614PM10212013.png.pagespeed.ic.2uDMVlHcPP.webp" src="http://1-ps.googleusercontent.com/h/www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/150x150xDgmB125614PM10212013.png.pagespeed.ic.2uDMVlHcPP.webp" width="150" /> </span></td> </tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><div align="center"><div id="google_ads_div_efytimesomnipresentMiddleBox1_ad_wrapper"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><div id="google_ads_div_efytimesomnipresentMiddleBox1_ad_container" style="display: inline-block;"></div></span></div><script>GA_googleCreateDomIframe("google_ads_div_efytimesomnipresentMiddleBox1_ad_container" ,"efytimesomnipresentMiddleBox1");</script> </div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="color: black;"> 1. <b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Torvalds">Linus Torvalds</a></b><br /><br />This is definitely a no-brainer, wher we are talking about Linux, it is a must to follow the man behind Linux! He has an active presence on <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/+LinusTorvalds/posts">Google+</a>. Sometimes he talks about Linux. Sometimes he talks about general tech. Sometimes he talks about scuba diving. But from all the ways, he is an interesting person to follow.<br /><br />2. <b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Ts%27o">Theodore Ts'o</a></b><br /><br />Theodore has contributed to the kernel and has worked on a few different file system-related projects (he is the maintainer of ext4). So he knows his stuff. More importantly, he provides his opinions on a wide range of Linux-related topics in rather amusing ways, follow him on <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/117091380454742934025/posts">G+</a>.<br /><br />3. <b><a href="http://www.nixiepixel.com/">Nixie Pixel</a></b><br /><br />Nixie produces some excellent videos on everything from Linux distros to Regex to games. It’s all very nerdy and very high-quality. Plus, she sometimes posts funny pictures on <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/+NixiePixel/posts">G+</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/NixiePixel">Twitter</a>.<br /><br />4. <b><a href="https://wiki.kubuntu.org/Joey%20Sneddon">Joey-Elijah Sneddon</a></b><br /><br />Joey is the man behind OMG! Ubuntu! and various other “OMG!” themed nerdy websites. To stay up to date on breaking Linux news and reviews, Joey is worth a follow on <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/117485690627814051450/posts">G+</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/d0od">Twitter</a>. <br /><br />5. <b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg_Kroah-Hartman">Greg Kroah-Hartman</a></b><br /><br />Greg is a Linux Kernel developer and maintainer who wrote a book about Linux Device Drivers and maintains packages for Gentoo. He's on <a href="https://twitter.com/gregkh">Twitter</a>, but <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/111049168280159033135/posts">G+</a> is where the action is.<br /><br />6. <b><a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/100568396676405064966/posts">Jordan Keyes</a></b><br /><br />Jordan is the man behind “This Week in Linux” video podcast which is an excellent source of Linux news. He also works on XDA Developer TV if you're looking for high-quality content about Android. He’s informed, level-headed, and the right person to follow. <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/100568396676405064966/posts">G+</a> is the place to interact with him.<br /><br />7. <b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_cox">Alan Cox</a></b><br /><br />A heavyweight in the Linux world, Alan was the maintainer of the 2.2 branch of the Linux kernel and has been a major contributor to the kernel over the years, although he is not currently an active contributor. Even so, he remains a highly interesting individual to follow with nerd cred coming out of his nose, having worked on GNOME, X.org and even his own MUD. Follow him on <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/111104121194250082892/posts">G+</a>.<br /><br />8. <b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jono_Bacon">Jono Bacon</a></b><br /><br />Jono is the “Community Manager” for Ubuntu who chats about stuff with other people who want to talk. He posts regularly to both <a href="https://twitter.com/jonobacon">Twitter</a> and <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/114419073019603780828/posts">G+</a>, and he also does a video Q&A on a regular basis. So, if you're curious about what's going on in the Ubuntu world and you want that information straight from the horse's mouth.<br /><br />9. <b><a href="http://en.opensuse.org/User:Jospoortvliet">Jos Poortvliet</a></b><br /><br />Jos is the SUSE version of Jono who is openSUSE Community Manager. He tends to make himself available on <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/117563705675081959469/posts">G+</a> and provides a small mountain of information on what is happening in the SUSE world.<br /><br />10. <b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lennart_Poettering">Lennart Poettering</a></b><br /><br />Interested in PulseAudio or systemd (or general Open Source “technology stack” topics and projects), then Lennart is the man to follow. When it comes to building the guts of a system, he knows his stuff. He is, like so many others in the Linux world, hanging out on <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/115547683951727699051/posts">G+</a>.<br /><br />11. <b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron_Seigo">Aaron Seigo</a></b><br /><br />Interested in KDE or general Open Source topics? Good. So is Aaron. And if you follow him on <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/107555540696571114069/posts">G+</a>, you'll get a nice healthy dose of news updates and opinions. Aaron has a tendency to speak his mind, which can make things quite fun from time to time. <br /><br />12. <b><a href="http://jupiterbroadcasting.wikia.com/wiki/Bryan_Lunduke">Bryan Lunduke</a></b><br /><br />Linux commentator, programmer and writer. He made Linux Tycoon, which is the premier Linux Distro Building Simulator game in the universe which is actually fun. And if that wasn't impressive enough, he has also created a visual development framework and blogs for an illustrious industry news outlet. Follow him on <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/1/108930697266689628917/posts">G+</a><br /><br /><i>Courtesy: NetworkWorld</i> <br /><br /> </span> </span><br /><br /></div>

12 Must-Follow Linux Nerds!

  One good thing about the Linux community is that the big names are not unapproachable. All you have to do is to look up on the Internet an...

Read more »